where to store or from where to retrieve the data. It carries the source or destination address of data i.e.It is used to identify the particular location in memory.As the name suggests, address bus is used to carry address from CPU to memory/IO devices.Similarly, when the processor wants to read from an I/O device, it generates the I/O read signal. When CPU wants to read or write data, it sends the memory read or memory write control signal on the control bus to perform the memory read or write operation from the main memory. The type of action taking place on the system bus is indicated by these control signals. Other control signals hold by control bus are interrupt, interrupt acknowledge, bus request, bus grant and several others. I/O Write – Data from data bus to be placed on I/O address location.I/O Read – Data from I/O address location to be placed on data bus.Memory write – Data from data bus to be placed on memory address location.Memory read – Data from memory address location to be placed on data bus. Typical control signals hold by control bus. Timing signals are used to synchronize the memory and I/O operations with a CPU clock. The CPU transmits different types of control signals to the system components.Ĭontrol signals are generated in the control unit of CPU.The CPU uses control bus to communicate with the devices that are connected to the computer system.As the name suggests, control bus is used to transfer the control and timing signals from one component to the other component.A 64-bit bus has sixty four (64) wires and thus can transmit 64 bits of data at a time.A 32-bit bus has thirty two (32) wires and thus can transmit 32 bits of data at a time.The wider the bus width, faster would be the data flow on the data bus and thus better would be the system performance.The width of data bus is an important parameter because it determines how much data can be transmitted at one time.So, the number of lines in data bus determine how many bits can be transferred parallely. The width of a data bus refers to the number of bits (electrical wires) that the bus can carry at a time.As the name suggests, data bus is used for transmitting the data / instruction from CPU to memory/IO and vice-versa.Let us learn about each component one by one.
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